Ulangan 1:6

Events at Horeb

1:6 The Lord our God spoke to us at Horeb and said, “You have stayed ¹  in the area of this mountain long enough.

Ulangan 1:31

1:31 and in the desert, where you saw him ²  carrying you along like a man carries his son. This he did everywhere you went until you came to this very place.”

Ulangan 1:46--2:1

1:46 Therefore, you remained at Kadesh for a long time – indeed, for the full time. ³ 

The Journey from Kadesh Barnea to Moab

2:1 Then we turned and set out toward the desert land on the way to the Red Sea ⁴  just as the Lord told me to do, detouring around Mount Seir for a long time.

Ulangan 2:3-4

2:3 “You have circled around this mountain long enough; now turn north. 2:4 Instruct ⁵  these people as follows: ‘You are about to cross the border of your relatives ⁶  the descendants of Esau, ⁷  who inhabit Seir. They will be afraid of you, so watch yourselves carefully.

Ulangan 2:7

2:7 All along the way I, the Lord your God, ⁸  have blessed your every effort. ⁹  I have ¹⁰  been attentive to ¹¹  your travels through this great wasteland. These forty years I have ¹²  been with you; you have lacked for nothing.’”

Ulangan 2:14

2:14 Now the length of time it took for us to go from Kadesh Barnea to the crossing of Wadi Zered was thirty-eight years, time for all the military men of that generation to die, just as the Lord had vowed to them.

Ulangan 2:31

2:31 The Lord said to me, “Look! I have already begun to give over Sihon and his land to you. Start right now to take his land as your possession.”

Ulangan 4:10

4:10 You ¹³  stood before the Lord your God at Horeb and he ¹⁴  said to me, “Assemble the people before me so that I can tell them my commands. ¹⁵  Then they will learn to revere me all the days they live in the land, and they will instruct their children.”

Ulangan 4:22

4:22 So I must die here in this land; I will not cross the Jordan. But you are going over and will possess that ¹⁶  good land.

Ulangan 4:25-26

Threat and Blessing following Covenant Disobedience

4:25 After you have produced children and grandchildren and have been in the land a long time, ¹⁷  if you become corrupt and make an image of any kind ¹⁸  and do other evil things before the Lord your God that enrage him, ¹⁹  4:26 I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you ²⁰  today that you will surely and swiftly be removed ²¹  from the very land you are about to cross the Jordan to possess. You will not last long there because you will surely be ²²  annihilated.

Ulangan 4:40

4:40 Keep his statutes and commandments that I am setting forth ²³  today so that it may go well with you and your descendants and that you may enjoy longevity in the land that the Lord your God is about to give you as a permanent possession.

Ulangan 5:13

5:13 You are to work and do all your tasks in six days,

Ulangan 5:25

5:25 But now, why should we die, because this intense fire will consume us! If we keep hearing the voice of the Lord our God we will die!

Ulangan 5:29

5:29 If only it would really be their desire to fear me and obey ²⁴  all my commandments in the future, so that it may go well with them and their descendants forever.

Ulangan 6:1-2

Exhortation to Keep the Covenant Principles

6:1 Now these are the commandments, ²⁵  statutes, and ordinances that the Lord your God instructed me to teach you so that you may carry them out in the land where you are headed ²⁶  6:2 and that you may so revere the Lord your God that you will keep all his statutes and commandments ²⁷  that I am giving ²⁸  you – you, your children, and your grandchildren – all your lives, to prolong your days.

Ulangan 8:2

8:2 Remember the whole way by which he ²⁹  has brought you these forty years through the desert ³⁰  so that he might, by humbling you, test you to see if you have it within you to keep his commandments or not.

Ulangan 8:4

8:4 Your clothing did not wear out nor did your feet swell all these forty years.

Ulangan 9:9

9:9 When I went up the mountain to receive the stone tablets, the tablets of the covenant that the Lord made with you, I remained there ³¹  forty days and nights, eating and drinking nothing.

Ulangan 9:18

9:18 Then I again fell down before the Lord for forty days and nights; I ate and drank nothing because of all the sin you had committed, doing such evil before the Lord as to enrage him.

Ulangan 9:25

Moses’ Plea on Behalf of the Lord’s Reputation

9:25 I lay flat on the ground before the Lord for forty days and nights, ³²  for he ³³  had said he would destroy you.

Ulangan 10:10

10:10 As for me, I stayed at the mountain as I did the first time, forty days and nights. The Lord listened to me that time as well and decided not to destroy you.

Ulangan 11:4-5

11:4 or what he did to the army of Egypt, including their horses and chariots, when he made the waters of the Red Sea ³⁴  overwhelm them while they were pursuing you and he ³⁵  annihilated them. ³⁶  11:5 They did not see ³⁷  what he did to you in the desert before you reached this place,

Ulangan 11:8-9

The Abundance of the Land of Promise

11:8 Now pay attention to all the commandments ³⁸  I am giving ³⁹  you today, so that you may be strong enough to enter and possess the land where you are headed, ⁴⁰  11:9 and that you may enjoy long life in the land the Lord promised to give to your ancestors ⁴¹  and their descendants, a land flowing with milk and honey.

Ulangan 11:21

11:21 so that your days and those of your descendants may be extended in the land which the Lord promised to give to your ancestors, like the days of heaven itself. ⁴² 

Ulangan 11:31

11:31 For you are about to cross the Jordan to possess the land the Lord your God is giving you, and you will possess and inhabit it.

Ulangan 12:1

The Central Sanctuary

12:1 These are the statutes and ordinances you must be careful to obey as long as you live in the land the Lord, the God of your ancestors, ⁴³  has given you to possess. ⁴⁴ 

Ulangan 12:19

12:19 Be careful not to overlook the Levites as long as you live in the land.

Ulangan 12:28

12:28 Pay careful attention to all these things I am commanding you so that it may always go well with you and your children after you when you do what is good and right in the sight of the Lord your God.

Ulangan 13:16

13:16 You must gather all of its plunder into the middle of the plaza ⁴⁵  and burn the city and all its plunder as a whole burnt offering to the Lord your God. It will be an abandoned ruin ⁴⁶  forever – it must never be rebuilt again.

Ulangan 14:23

14:23 In the presence of the Lord your God you must eat from the tithe of your grain, your new wine, ⁴⁷  your olive oil, and the firstborn of your herds and flocks in the place he chooses to locate his name, so that you may learn to revere the Lord your God always.

Ulangan 15:12

Release of Debt Slaves

15:12 If your fellow Hebrew ⁴⁸  – whether male or female ⁴⁹  – is sold to you and serves you for six years, then in the seventh year you must let that servant ⁵⁰  go free. ⁵¹ 

Ulangan 15:17-18

15:17 you shall take an awl and pierce a hole through his ear to the door. ⁵²  Then he will become your servant permanently (this applies to your female servant as well). 15:18 You should not consider it difficult to let him go free, for he will have served you for six years, twice ⁵³  the time of a hired worker; the Lord your God will bless you in everything you do.

Ulangan 16:3-4

16:3 You must not eat any yeast with it; for seven days you must eat bread made without yeast, symbolic of affliction, for you came out of Egypt hurriedly. You must do this so you will remember for the rest of your life the day you came out of the land of Egypt. 16:4 There must not be a scrap of yeast within your land ⁵⁴  for seven days, nor can any of the meat you sacrifice on the evening of the first day remain until the next morning. ⁵⁵ 

Ulangan 16:8

16:8 You must eat bread made without yeast for six days. The seventh day you are to hold an assembly for the Lord your God; you must not do any work on that day. ⁵⁶ 

Ulangan 16:11

16:11 You shall rejoice before him ⁵⁷  – you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites in your villages, ⁵⁸  the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows among you – in the place where the Lord chooses to locate his name.

Ulangan 16:13-15

The Festival of Temporary Shelters

16:13 You must celebrate the Festival of Temporary Shelters ⁵⁹  for seven days, at the time of the grain and grape harvest. ⁶⁰  16:14 You are to rejoice in your festival, you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows who are in your villages. ⁶¹  16:15 You are to celebrate the festival seven days before the Lord your God in the place he ⁶²  chooses, for he ⁶³  will bless you in all your productivity and in whatever you do; ⁶⁴  so you will indeed rejoice!

Ulangan 17:20

17:20 Then he will not exalt himself above his fellow citizens or turn from the commandments to the right or left, and he and his descendants will enjoy many years ruling over his kingdom ⁶⁵  in Israel.

Ulangan 18:5

18:5 For the Lord your God has chosen them and their sons from all your tribes to stand ⁶⁶  and serve in his name ⁶⁷  permanently.

Ulangan 18:16

18:16 This accords with what happened at Horeb in the day of the assembly. You asked the Lord your God: “Please do not make us hear the voice of the Lord our ⁶⁸  God any more or see this great fire any more lest we die.”

Ulangan 20:19

20:19 If you besiege a city for a long time while attempting to capture it, ⁶⁹  you must not chop down its trees, ⁷⁰  for you may eat fruit ⁷¹  from them and should not cut them down. A tree in the field is not human that you should besiege it! ⁷² 

Ulangan 21:13

21:13 discard the clothing she was wearing when captured, ⁷³  and stay ⁷⁴  in your house, lamenting for her father and mother for a full month. After that you may have sexual relations ⁷⁵  with her and become her husband and she your wife.

Ulangan 22:19

22:19 They will fine him one hundred shekels of silver and give them to the young woman’s father, for the man who made the accusation ⁷⁶  ruined the reputation ⁷⁷  of an Israelite virgin. She will then become his wife and he may never divorce her as long as he lives.

Ulangan 22:29

22:29 The man who has raped her must pay her father fifty shekels of silver and she must become his wife because he has violated her; he may never divorce her as long as he lives.

Ulangan 23:3

23:3 An Ammonite or Moabite ⁷⁸  may not enter the assembly of the Lord; to the tenth generation none of their descendants shall ever ⁷⁹  do so, ⁸⁰ 

Ulangan 23:6

23:6 You must not seek peace and prosperity for them through all the ages to come.

Ulangan 24:5

24:5 When a man is newly married, he need not go into ⁸¹  the army nor be obligated in any way; he must be free to stay at home for a full year and bring joy to ⁸²  the wife he has married.

Ulangan 24:9

24:9 Remember what the Lord your God did to Miriam ⁸³  along the way after you left Egypt.

Ulangan 28:43

28:43 The foreigners ⁸⁴  who reside among you will become higher and higher over you and you will become lower and lower.

Ulangan 28:46

28:46 These curses ⁸⁵  will be a perpetual sign and wonder with reference to you and your descendants. ⁸⁶ 

Ulangan 28:54

28:54 The man among you who is by nature tender and sensitive will turn against his brother, his beloved wife, and his remaining children.

Ulangan 28:56

28:56 Likewise, the most ⁸⁷  tender and delicate of your women, who would never think of putting even the sole of her foot on the ground because of her daintiness, ⁸⁸  will turn against her beloved husband, her sons and daughters,

Ulangan 28:59

28:59 then the Lord will increase your punishments and those of your descendants – great and long-lasting afflictions and severe, enduring illnesses.

Ulangan 28:63

28:63 This is what will happen: Just as the Lord delighted to do good for you and make you numerous, he ⁸⁹  will take delight in destroying and decimating you. You will be uprooted from the land you are about to possess.

Ulangan 29:5

29:5 I have led you through the desert for forty years. Your clothing has not worn out ⁹⁰  nor have your sandals ⁹¹  deteriorated.

Ulangan 29:29

29:29 Secret things belong to the Lord our God, but those that are revealed belong to us and our descendants ⁹²  forever, so that we might obey all the words of this law.

Ulangan 30:16

30:16 What ⁹³  I am commanding you today is to love the Lord your God, to walk in his ways, and to obey his commandments, his statutes, and his ordinances. Then you will live and become numerous and the Lord your God will bless you in the land which you are about to possess. ⁹⁴ 

Ulangan 30:18

30:18 I declare to you this very day that you will certainly ⁹⁵  perish! You will not extend your time in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess. ⁹⁶ 

Ulangan 30:20

30:20 I also call on you ⁹⁷  to love the Lord your God, to obey him and be loyal to him, for he gives you life and enables you to live continually ⁹⁸  in the land the Lord promised to give to your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”

Ulangan 31:2

31:2 He said to them, “Today I am a hundred and twenty years old. I am no longer able to get about, ⁹⁹  and the Lord has said to me, ‘You will not cross the Jordan.’

Ulangan 31:13-14

31:13 Then their children, who have not known this law, ¹⁰⁰  will also hear about and learn to fear the Lord your God for as long as you live in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.”

The Commissioning of Joshua

31:14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “The day of your death is near. Summon Joshua and present yourselves in the tent ¹⁰¹  of meeting ¹⁰²  so that I can commission him.” ¹⁰³  So Moses and Joshua presented themselves in the tent of meeting.

Ulangan 31:16

31:16 Then the Lord said to Moses, “You are about to die, ¹⁰⁴  and then these people will begin to prostitute themselves with the foreign gods of the land into which they ¹⁰⁵  are going. They ¹⁰⁶  will reject ¹⁰⁷  me and break my covenant that I have made with them. ¹⁰⁸ 

Ulangan 31:27

31:27 for I know about your rebellion and stubbornness. ¹⁰⁹  Indeed, even while I have been living among you to this very day, you have rebelled against the Lord; you will be even more rebellious after my death! ¹¹⁰ 

Ulangan 32:17

32:17 They sacrificed to demons, not God,

to gods they had not known;

to new gods who had recently come along,

gods your ancestors ¹¹¹  had not known about.

Ulangan 32:35

32:35 I will get revenge and pay them back

at the time their foot slips;

for the day of their disaster is near,

and the impending judgment ¹¹²  is rushing upon them!”

Ulangan 32:40

32:40 For I raise up my hand to heaven,

and say, ‘As surely as I live forever,

Ulangan 32:47

32:47 For this is no idle word for you – it is your life! By this word you will live a long time in the land you are about to cross the Jordan to possess.”

Ulangan 32:49

32:49 “Go up to this Abarim ¹¹³  hill country, to Mount Nebo (which is in the land of Moab opposite Jericho ¹¹⁴ ) and look at the land of Canaan that I am giving to the Israelites as a possession.

Ulangan 33:6

Blessing on Reuben

33:6 May Reuben live and not die,

and may his people multiply. ¹¹⁵ 

Ulangan 33:25

33:25 The bars of your gates ¹¹⁶  will be made of iron and bronze,

and may you have lifelong strength.

Ulangan 33:27

33:27 The everlasting God is a refuge,

and underneath you are his eternal arms; ¹¹⁷ 

he has driven out enemies before you,

and has said, “Destroy!”

Ulangan 34:8

34:8 The Israelites mourned for Moses in the deserts of Moab for thirty days; then the days of mourning for Moses ended.

[1:6]  ¹ tn Heb “lived”; “dwelled.”

[1:31]  ² tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun (“him”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[1:46]  ³ tn Heb “like the days which you lived.” This refers to the rest of the forty-year period in the desert before Israel arrived in Moab.

[2:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “Reed Sea.” See note on the term “Red Sea” in Deut 1:40.

[2:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “command” (so KJV, NASB); NRSV “charge the people as follows.”

[2:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “brothers”; NAB “your kinsmen.”

[2:4]  ⁷ sn The descendants of Esau (Heb “sons of Esau”; the phrase also occurs in 2:8, 12, 22, 29). These are the inhabitants of the land otherwise known as Edom, south and east of the Dead Sea. Jacob’s brother Esau had settled there after his bitter strife with Jacob (Gen 36:1-8). “Edom” means “reddish,” probably because of the red sandstone of the region, but also by popular etymology because Esau, at birth, was reddish (Gen 25:25).

[2:7]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew text does not have the first person pronoun; it has been supplied for purposes of English style (the Lord is speaking here).

[2:7]  ⁹ tn Heb “all the work of your hands.”

[2:7]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “he has.” This has been converted to first person in the translation in keeping with English style.

[2:7]  ¹¹ tn Heb “known” (so ASV, NASB); NAB “been concerned about.”

[2:7]  ¹² tn Heb “the Lord your God has.” This has been replaced in the translation by the first person pronoun (“I”) in keeping with English style.

[4:10]  ¹³ tn The text begins with “(the) day (in) which.” In the Hebrew text v. 10 is subordinate to v. 11, but for stylistic reasons the translation treats v. 10 as an independent clause, necessitating the omission of the subordinating temporal phrase at the beginning of the verse.

[4:10]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 4:3.

[4:10]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “my words.” See v. 13; in Hebrew the “ten commandments” are the “ten words.”

[4:22]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “this.” The translation uses “that” to avoid confusion; earlier in the verse Moses refers to Transjordan as “this land.”

[4:25]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “have grown old in the land,” i.e., been there for a long time.

[4:25]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “a form of anything.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, TEV “an idol.”

[4:25]  ¹⁹ tn The infinitive construct is understood here as indicating the result, not the intention, of their actions.

[4:26]  ²⁰ sn I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you. This stock formula introduces what is known form-critically as a רִיב (riv) or controversy pattern. It is commonly used in the ancient Near Eastern world in legal contexts and in the OT as a forensic or judicial device to draw attention to Israel’s violation of the Lord’s covenant with them (see Deut 30:19; Isa 1:2; 3:13; Jer 2:9). Since court proceedings required the testimony of witnesses, the Lord here summons heaven and earth (that is, all creation) to testify to his faithfulness, Israel’s disobedience, and the threat of judgment.

[4:26]  ²¹ tn Or “be destroyed”; KJV “utterly perish”; NLT “will quickly disappear”; CEV “you won’t have long to live.”

[4:26]  ²² tn Or “be completely” (so NCV, TEV). It is not certain here if the infinitive absolute indicates the certainty of the following action (cf. NIV) or its degree.

[4:40]  ²³ tn Heb “commanding” (so NRSV).

[5:29]  ²⁴ tn Heb “keep” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).

[6:1]  ²⁵ tn Heb “commandment.” The word מִצְוָה (mitsvah) again is in the singular, serving as a comprehensive term for the whole stipulation section of the book. See note on the word “commandments” in 5:31.

[6:1]  ²⁶ tn Heb “where you are going over to possess it” (so NASB); NRSV “that you are about to cross into and occupy.”

[6:2]  ²⁷ tn Here the terms are not the usual חֻקִּים (khuqqim) and מִשְׁפָּטִים (mishpatim; as in v. 1) but חֻקֹּת (khuqqot, “statutes”) and מִצְוֹת (mitsot, “commandments”). It is clear that these terms are used interchangeably and that their technical precision ought not be overly stressed.

[6:2]  ²⁸ tn Heb “commanding.” For stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy, “giving” has been used in the translation.

[8:2]  ²⁹ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:2]  ³⁰ tn Or “wilderness” (so KJV, NRSV, NLT); likewise in v. 15.

[9:9]  ³¹ tn Heb “in the mountain.” The demonstrative pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[9:25]  ³² tn The Hebrew text includes “when I prostrated myself.” Since this is redundant, it has been left untranslated.

[9:25]  ³³ tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 9:3.

[11:4]  ³⁴ tn Heb “Reed Sea.” “Reed Sea” (or “Sea of Reeds”) is a more accurate rendering of the Hebrew expression יָם סוּף (yam suf), traditionally translated “Red Sea.” See note on the term “Red Sea” in Exod 13:18.

[11:4]  ³⁵ tn Heb “the Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[11:4]  ³⁶ tn Heb “and the Lord destroyed them to this day” (cf. NRSV); NLT “he has kept them devastated to this very day.” The translation uses the verb “annihilated” to indicate the permanency of the action.

[11:5]  ³⁷ tn See note on these same words in v. 3.

[11:8]  ³⁸ tn Heb “the commandment.” The singular מִצְוָה (mitsvah, “commandment”) speaks here as elsewhere of the whole corpus of covenant stipulations in Deuteronomy (cf. 6:1, 25; 7:11; 8:1).

[11:8]  ³⁹ tn Heb “commanding” (so NASB, NRSV). For stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy, “giving” has been used in the translation (likewise in vv. 13, 27).

[11:8]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “which you are crossing over there to possess it.”

[11:9]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “fathers” (also in v. 21).

[11:21]  ⁴² tn Heb “like the days of the heavens upon the earth,” that is, forever.

[12:1]  ⁴³ tn Heb “fathers.”

[12:1]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “you must be careful to obey in the land the Lord, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess all the days which you live in the land.” This adverbial statement modifies “to obey,” not “to possess,” so the order in the translation has been rearranged to make this clear.

[13:16]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “street.”

[13:16]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “mound”; NAB “a heap of ruins.” The Hebrew word תֵּל (tel) refers to this day to a ruin represented especially by a built-up mound of dirt or debris (cf. Tel Aviv, “mound of grain”).

[14:23]  ⁴⁷ tn This refers to wine in the early stages of fermentation. In its later stages it becomes wine (יַיִן, yayin) in its mature sense.

[15:12]  ⁴⁸ sn Elsewhere in the OT, the Israelites are called “Hebrews” (עִבְרִי, ’ivriy) by outsiders, rarely by themselves (cf. Gen 14:13; 39:14, 17; 41:12; Exod 1:15, 16, 19; 2:6, 7, 11, 13; 1 Sam 4:6; Jonah 1:9). Thus, here and in the parallel passage in Exod 21:2-6 the term עִבְרִי may designate non-Israelites, specifically a people well-known throughout the ancient Near East as ’apiru or habiru. They lived a rather vagabond lifestyle, frequently hiring themselves out as laborers or mercenary soldiers. While accounting nicely for the surprising use of the term here in an Israelite law code, the suggestion has against it the unlikelihood that a set of laws would address such a marginal people so specifically (as opposed to simply calling them aliens or the like). More likely עִבְרִי is chosen as a term to remind Israel that when they were “Hebrews,” that is, when they were in Egypt, they were slaves. Now that they are free they must not keep their fellow Israelites in economic bondage. See v. 15.

[15:12]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “your brother, a Hebrew (male) or Hebrew (female).”

[15:12]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “him.” The singular pronoun occurs throughout the passage.

[15:12]  ⁵¹ tn The Hebrew text includes “from you.”

[15:17]  ⁵² sn When the bondslave’s ear was drilled through to the door, the door in question was that of the master’s house. In effect, the bondslave is declaring his undying and lifelong loyalty to his creditor. The scar (or even hole) in the earlobe would testify to the community that the slave had surrendered independence and personal rights. This may be what Paul had in mind when he said “I bear on my body the marks of Jesus” (Gal 6:17).

[15:18]  ⁵³ tn The Hebrew term מִשְׁנֶה (mishneh, “twice”) could mean “equivalent to” (cf. NRSV) or, more likely, “double” (cf. NAB, NIV, NLT). The idea is that a hired worker would put in only so many hours per day whereas a bondslave was available around the clock.

[16:4]  ⁵⁴ tn Heb “leaven must not be seen among you in all your border.”

[16:4]  ⁵⁵ tn Heb “remain all night until the morning” (so KJV, ASV). This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[16:8]  ⁵⁶ tn The words “on that day” are not in the Hebrew text; they are supplied in the translation for clarification (cf. TEV, NLT).

[16:11]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[16:11]  ⁵⁸ tn Heb “gates.”

[16:13]  ⁵⁹ tn The Hebrew phrase חַג הַסֻּכֹּת (khag hassukot, “festival of huts” or “festival of shelters”) is traditionally known as the Feast of Tabernacles. The rendering “booths” (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV) is now preferable to the traditional “tabernacles” (KJV, ASV, NIV) in light of the meaning of the term סֻכָּה (sukkah, “hut; booth”), but “booths” are frequently associated with trade shows and craft fairs in contemporary American English. Clearer is the English term “shelters” (so NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT), but this does not reflect the temporary nature of the living arrangement. This feast was a commemoration of the wanderings of the Israelites after they left Egypt, suggesting that a translation like “temporary shelters” is more appropriate.

[16:13]  ⁶⁰ tn Heb “when you gather in your threshing-floor and winepress.”

[16:14]  ⁶¹ tn Heb “in your gates.”

[16:15]  ⁶² tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[16:15]  ⁶³ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[16:15]  ⁶⁴ tn Heb “in all the work of your hands” (so NASB, NIV); NAB, NRSV “in all your undertakings.”

[17:20]  ⁶⁵ tc Heb “upon his kingship.” Smr supplies כִּסֵא (kise’, “throne”) so as to read “upon the throne of his kingship.” This overliteralizes what is a clearly understood figure of speech.

[18:5]  ⁶⁶ tc Smr and some Greek texts add “before the Lord your God” to bring the language into line with a formula found elsewhere (Deut 10:8; 2 Chr 29:11). This reading is not likely to be original, however.

[18:5]  ⁶⁷ tn Heb “the name of the Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[18:16]  ⁶⁸ tn The Hebrew text uses the collective singular in this verse: “my God…lest I die.”

[20:19]  ⁶⁹ tn Heb “to fight against it to capture it.”

[20:19]  ⁷⁰ tn Heb “you must not destroy its trees by chopping them with an iron” (i.e., an ax).

[20:19]  ⁷¹ tn Heb “you may eat from them.” The direct object is not expressed; the word “fruit” is supplied in the translation for clarity.

[20:19]  ⁷² tn Heb “to go before you in siege.”

[21:13]  ⁷³ tn Heb “she is to…remove the clothing of her captivity” (cf. NASB); NRSV “discard her captive’s garb.”

[21:13]  ⁷⁴ tn Heb “sit”; KJV, NASB, NRSV “remain.”

[21:13]  ⁷⁵ tn Heb “go unto,” a common Hebrew euphemism for sexual relations.

[22:19]  ⁷⁶ tn Heb “for he”; the referent (the man who made the accusation) has been specified in the translation to avoid confusion with the young woman’s father, the last-mentioned male.

[22:19]  ⁷⁷ tn Heb “brought forth a bad name.”

[23:3]  ⁷⁸ sn An Ammonite or Moabite. These descendants of Lot by his two daughters (cf. Gen 19:30-38) were thereby the products of incest and therefore excluded from the worshiping community. However, these two nations also failed to show proper hospitality to Israel on their way to Canaan (v. 4).

[23:3]  ⁷⁹ tn The Hebrew term translated “ever” (עַד־עוֹלָם, ’ad-’olam) suggests that “tenth generation” (vv. 2, 3) also means “forever.” However, in the OT sense “forever” means not “for eternity” but for an indeterminate future time. See A. Tomasino, NIDOTTE 3:346.

[23:3]  ⁸⁰ tn Heb “enter the assembly of the Lord.” The phrase “do so” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[24:5]  ⁸¹ tn Heb “go out with.”

[24:5]  ⁸² tc For the MT’s reading Piel שִׂמַּח (simmakh, “bring joy to”), the Syriac and others read שָׂמַח (samakh, “enjoy”).

[24:9]  ⁸³ sn What the Lord your God did to Miriam. The reference is to Miriam’s having contracted leprosy because of her intemperate challenge to Moses’ leadership (Num 12:1-15). The purpose for the allusion here appears to be the assertion of the theocratic leadership of the priests who, like Moses, should not be despised.

[28:43]  ⁸⁴ tn Heb “the foreigner.” This is a collective singular and has therefore been translated as plural; this includes the pronouns in the following verse, which are also singular in the Hebrew text.

[28:46]  ⁸⁵ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the curses mentioned previously) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[28:46]  ⁸⁶ tn Heb “seed” (so KJV, ASV).

[28:56]  ⁸⁷ tc The LXX adds σφόδρα (sfodra, “very”) to bring the description into line with v. 54.

[28:56]  ⁸⁸ tn Heb “delicateness and tenderness.”

[28:63]  ⁸⁹ tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 28:8.

[29:5]  ⁹⁰ tn The Hebrew text includes “on you.” This has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[29:5]  ⁹¹ tn The Hebrew text includes “from on your feet.”

[29:29]  ⁹² tn Heb “sons” (so NASB); KJV, ASV, NIV, NRSV “children.”

[30:16]  ⁹³ tc A number of LXX mss insert before this verse, “if you obey the commandments of the Lord your God,” thus translating אֲשֶׁר (’asher) as “which” and the rest as “I am commanding you today, to love,” etc., “then you will live,” etc.

[30:16]  ⁹⁴ tn Heb “which you are going there to possess it.” This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[30:18]  ⁹⁵ tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation indicates with “certainly.”

[30:18]  ⁹⁶ tn Heb “to go there to possess it.”

[30:20]  ⁹⁷ tn The words “I also call on you” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text vv. 19-20 are one long sentence, which the translation divides into two.

[30:20]  ⁹⁸ tn Heb “he is your life and the length of your days to live.”

[31:2]  ⁹⁹ tn Or “am no longer able to lead you” (NIV, NLT); Heb “am no longer able to go out and come in.”

[31:13]  ¹⁰⁰ tn The phrase “this law” is not in the Hebrew text, but English style requires an object for the verb here. Other translations also supply the object which is otherwise implicit (cf. NIV “who do not know this law”; TEV “who have never heard the Law of the Lord your God”).

[31:14]  ¹⁰¹ tc The LXX reads “by the door of the tent” in line with v. 10 but also, perhaps, as a reflection of its tendency to avoid over-familiarity with Yahweh and his transcendence.

[31:14]  ¹⁰² tn Heb “tent of assembly” (מוֹעֵד אֹהֶל, ’ohel mo’ed); this is not always the same as the tabernacle, which is usually called מִשְׁכָּן (mishkan, “dwelling-place”), a reference to its being invested with God’s presence. The “tent of meeting” was erected earlier than the tabernacle and was the place where Yahweh occasionally appeared, especially to Moses (cf. Exod 18:7-16; 33:7-11; Num 11:16, 24, 26; 12:4).

[31:14]  ¹⁰³ tn Heb “I will command him.”

[31:16]  ¹⁰⁴ tn Heb “lie down with your fathers” (so NASB); NRSV “ancestors.”

[31:16]  ¹⁰⁵ tn Heb “he.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “they,” which is necessary in any case in the translation because of contemporary English style. The third person singular also occurs in the Hebrew text twice more in this verse, three times in v. 17, once in v. 18, five times in v. 20, and four times in v. 21. Each time it is translated as third person plural for stylistic reasons.

[31:16]  ¹⁰⁶ tn Heb “he.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “they.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

[31:16]  ¹⁰⁷ tn Or “abandon” (TEV, NLT).

[31:16]  ¹⁰⁸ tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.

[31:27]  ¹⁰⁹ tn Heb “stiffness of neck” (cf. KJV, NAB, NIV). See note on the word “stubborn” in Deut 9:6.

[31:27]  ¹¹⁰ tn Heb “How much more after my death?” The Hebrew text has a sarcastic rhetorical question here; the translation seeks to bring out the force of the question.

[32:17]  ¹¹¹ tn Heb “your fathers.”

[32:35]  ¹¹² tn Heb “prepared things,” “impending things.” See BDB 800 s.v. עָתִיד.

[32:49]  ¹¹³ sn Abarim. This refers to the high plateau region of the Transjordan, the highest elevation of which is Mount Pisgah (or Nebo; cf. Deut 34:1). See also the note on the name “Pisgah” in Deut 3:17.

[32:49]  ¹¹⁴ map For the location of Jericho see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[33:6]  ¹¹⁵ tn Heb “and [not] may his men be few” (cf. KJV, NASB, NIV).

[33:25]  ¹¹⁶ tn The words “of your gates” have been supplied in the translation to clarify the referent of “bars.”

[33:27]  ¹¹⁷ tn Heb “and from under, arms of perpetuity.” The words “you” and “his” are supplied in the translation for clarification. Some have perceived this line to be problematic and have offered alternative translations that differ significantly from the present translation: “He spread out the primeval tent; he extended the ancient canopy” (NAB); “He subdues the ancient gods, shatters the forces of old” (NRSV). These are based on alternate meanings or conjectural emendations rather than textual variants in the mss and versions.